【20090916】C++培训日记-多线程
= = 老师讲了创建多线程、利用互斥信号、利用事件对象、利用临界区和杀死线程的方法。以下是demo……
【多线程样例】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 多线程样例
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter);
void main(void)
{
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
Sleep(3000);
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
printf("Thread %d is running..\n", *((int*)lpParameter));
Sleep(50);
}
}
【多线程：出现同步问题样例】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 多线程出错样例 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTicket = 100;
void main(void)
{
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(2), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
Sleep(3000);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (g_nTicket > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells ticket: No.%d\n", *((int*)lpParameter), g_nTicket--);
}
return NULL;
}
【使用互斥信号量：线程结束时会自动释放占用的信号量】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 线程结束时会自动释放互斥量 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter);
HANDLE g_hMutex;
void main(void)
{
g_hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
CloseHandle(g_hMutex);
system("pause");
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex, INFINITE);
printf("Thread %d is running..\n", *((int*)lpParameter));
return NULL;
}
【使用互斥信号量解决同步问题（手动申请与释放互斥量）】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 线程手动申请释放互斥量 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTickets = 100;
HANDLE g_hMutex;
void main(void)
{
g_hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
Sleep(1000);
CloseHandle(g_hMutex);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex, INFINITE);
if (g_nTickets > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells ticket: No.%d\n", *((int*)lpParameter), g_nTickets--);
}
else
{
break;
}
ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);
}
return NULL;
}
【使用事件对象：手动重置事件对象（仍然有出现同步问题的可能）】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 手动重置事件对象
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTickets = 100;
HANDLE g_hEvent;
void main(void)
{
g_hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
CloseHandle(g_hEvent);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent, INFINITE);
ResetEvent(g_hEvent);
if (g_nTickets > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells tickets: %d\n", *((int*) lpParameter), g_nTickets--);
}
else
{
break;
}
SetEvent(g_hEvent);
}
return NULL;
}
【使用事件对象：自动重置】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 自动重置事件对象 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTickets = 100;
HANDLE g_hEvent;
void main(void)
{
g_hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
Sleep(1000);
CloseHandle(g_hEvent);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent, INFINITE);
if (g_nTickets > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells ticket: No.%d\n", *((int*) lpParameter), g_nTickets--);
}
else
{
break;
}
SetEvent(g_hEvent);
}
return NULL;
}
【使用临界区】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 使用临界区实现同步 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTickets = 100;
CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;
void main(void)
{
InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
Sleep(1000);
DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
if (g_nTickets > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells ticket: No.%d\n", *((int*)lpParameter), g_nTickets--);
}
else
{
break;
}
LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
}
return NULL;
}
【使用临界区：死锁样例】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 使用临界区造成死锁样例
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun1(LPVOID lpParameter);
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun2(LPVOID lpParameter);
CRITICAL_SECTION g_csA;
CRITICAL_SECTION g_csB;
void main(void)
{
InitializeCriticalSection(&g_csA);
InitializeCriticalSection(&g_csB);
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun1, NULL, 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun2, NULL, 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
Sleep(3000);
DeleteCriticalSection(&g_csA);
DeleteCriticalSection(&g_csB);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun1(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
EnterCriticalSection(&g_csA);
EnterCriticalSection(&g_csB);
printf("Thread1 is running..\n");
LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csB);
LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csA);
}
return NULL;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun2(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
EnterCriticalSection(&g_csB);
EnterCriticalSection(&g_csA);
printf("Thread2 is running..\n");
LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csA);
LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csB);
}
return NULL;
}
【封装的临界区类】
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 封装的临界区类
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _MULTITHREAD_CRITICALLOCK_H_
#define _MULTITHREAD_CRITICALLOCK_H_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif
#include <Windows.h>
class CCriticallLock
{
public:
CCriticallLock(void);
~CCriticallLock(void);
public:
void Lock(void);
void Unlock(void);
private:
CRITICAL_SECTION m_objCriticalSection;
};
#endif // end of define _MULTITHREAD_CRITICALLOCK_H_
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 封装的临界区类
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "CriticallLock.h"
CCriticallLock::CCriticallLock(void)
{
InitializeCriticalSection(&m_objCriticalSection);
}
CCriticallLock::~CCriticallLock(void)
{
DeleteCriticalSection(&m_objCriticalSection);
}
void CCriticallLock::Lock()
{
EnterCriticalSection(&m_objCriticalSection);
}
void CCriticallLock::Unlock()
{
LeaveCriticalSection(&m_objCriticalSection);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 封装的临界区类 使用
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include "CriticallLock.h"
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter);
int g_nTickets = 100;
CCriticallLock g_objCriticallLock;
void main(void)
{
HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(1), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(2), 0, NULL);
HANDLE hThread3 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, SellTickets, new int(3), 0, NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
CloseHandle(hThread2);
CloseHandle(hThread3);
Sleep(1000);
system("pause");
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI SellTickets(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
while (true)
{
g_objCriticallLock.Lock();
if (g_nTickets > 0)
{
printf("Thread %d sells ticket: No.%d\n", *((int*)lpParameter), g_nTickets--);
}
else
{
break;
}
g_objCriticallLock.Unlock();
}
return NULL;
}
【杀死主线程】需要使用DuplicateHandle来获得当前线程的HANDLE，否则不能成功删除主线程。删除后执行TerminateThread的子线程篡位成为主线程。
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CopyRight(c) 2009, YOYO, All Rights Reserved.
// Author: LIN YiQian
// Created: 2009/09/16
// Describe: 子线程杀死主线程 演示
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter);
void main(void)
{
HANDLE hMainThread;
DuplicateHandle(GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentThread(), GetCurrentProcess(),
&hMainThread, 0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS);
HANDLE hThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadFun, &hMainThread, 0, NULL);
while (true)
{
printf("主线程运行中 - -..\n");
Sleep(100);
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
return;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadFun(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
HANDLE hMainThread = *((HANDLE*) lpParameter);
TerminateThread(hMainThread, 0);
while (true)
{
printf("子线程运行中。。\n");
Sleep(100);
}
}
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